CCNA 2 v7.0 Final Exam Answers Full – Switching, Routing and Wireless Essentials

Jan 26, 2020 Last updated on: Mar 26, 2020 CCNA v7.0, CCNA v7 Course #2 32 Comments

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CCNA 2 v7 Final Exam Answers

1. Refer to the exhibit. What will router R1 do with a packet that has a destination IPv6 address of 2001:db8:cafe:5::1?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version 7.00-Final-Answers-1

forward the packet out GigabitEthernet0/0
drop the packet
forward the packet out GigabitEthernet0/1
forward the packet out Serial0/0/0

Explanation: The route ::/0 is the compressed form of the 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/0 default route. The default route is used if a more specific route is not found in the routing table.

2. Refer to the exhibit. Currently router R1 uses an EIGRP route learned from Branch2 to reach the 10.10.0.0/16 network. Which floating static route would create a backup route to the 10.10.0.0/16 network in the event that the link between R1 and Branch2 goes down?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-2

ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 Serial 0/0/0 100
ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 209.165.200.226 100
ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 209.165.200.225 100
ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 209.165.200.225 50

Explanation: A floating static route needs to have an administrative distance that is greater than the administrative distance of the active route in the routing table. Router R1 is using an EIGRP route which has an administrative distance of 90 to reach the 10.10.0.0/16 network. To be a backup route the floating static route must have an administrative distance greater than 90 and have a next hop address corresponding to the serial interface IP address of Branch1.

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-3

3. Refer to the exhibit. R1 was configured with the static route command ip route 209.165.200.224 255.255.255.224 S0/0/0 and consequently users on network 172.16.0.0/16 are unable to reach resources on the Internet. How should this static route be changed to allow user traffic from the LAN to reach the Internet?

Add an administrative distance of 254.
Change the destination network and mask to 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
Change the exit interface to S0/0/1.
Add the next-hop neighbor address of 209.165.200.226.

Explain: The static route on R1 has been incorrectly configured with the wrong destination network and mask. The correct destination network and mask is 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0.

4. Which option shows a correctly configured IPv4 default static route?

ip route 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 S0/0/0
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/0
ip route 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 S0/0/0
ip route 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 S0/0/0

Explanation: The static route ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/0 is considered a default static route and will match all destination networks.

5. Refer to the exhibit. Which static route command can be entered on R1 to forward traffic to the LAN connected to R2?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-5

ipv6 route 2001:db8:12:10::/64 S0/0/0
ipv6 route 2001:db8:12:10::/64 S0/0/1 fe80::2
ipv6 route 2001:db8:12:10::/64 S0/0/0 fe80::2
ipv6 route 2001:db8:12:10::/64 S0/0/1 2001:db8:12:10::1

6. What is a method to launch a VLAN hopping attack?

introducing a rogue switch and enabling trunking
sending spoofed native VLAN information
sending spoofed IP addresses from the attacking host
flooding the switch with MAC addresses

7. A cybersecurity analyst is using the macof tool to evaluate configurations of switches deployed in the backbone network of an organization. Which type of LAN attack is the analyst targeting during this evaluation?

VLAN hopping
DHCP spoofing
MAC address table overflow
VLAN double-tagging

8. A new Layer 3 switch is connected to a router and is being configured for interVLAN routing. What are three of the five steps required for the configuration? (Choose three.)

assigning the ports to the native VLAN
modifying the default VLAN
creating SVI interfaces
adjusting the route metric
enabling IP routing
assigning ports to VLANs
installing a static route

9. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator configured routers R1 and R2 as part of HSRP group 1. After the routers have been reloaded, a user on Host1 complained of lack of connectivity to the Internet The network administrator issued the show standby brief command on both routers to verify the HSRP operations. In addition, the administrator observed the ARP table on Host1. Which entry should be seen in the ARP table on Host1 in order to gain connectivity to the Internet?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-9

the virtual IP address and the virtual MAC address for the HSRP group 1
the virtual IP address of the HSRP group 1 and the MAC address of R1
the virtual IP address of the HSRP group 1 and the MAC address of R2

Explanation: Hosts will send an ARP request to the default gateway which is the virtual IP address. ARP replies from the HSRP routers contain the virtual MAC address. The host ARP tables will contain a mapping of the virtual IP to the virtual MAC.
– the IP address and the MAC address of R1

10. Match the forwarding characteristic to its type. (Not all options are used.)

11. Which statement is correct about how a Layer 2 switch determines how to forward frames?

Frame forwarding decisions are based on MAC address and port mappings in the CAM table.
Only frames with a broadcast destination address are forwarded out all active switch ports.
Cut-through frame forwarding ensures that invalid frames are always dropped.

Explanation: Cut-through frame forwarding reads up to only the first 22 bytes of a frame, which excludes the frame check sequence and thus invalid frames may be forwarded. In addition to broadcast frames, frames with a destination MAC address that is not in the CAM are also flooded out all active ports. Unicast frames are not always forwarded. Received frames with a destination MAC address that is associated with the switch port on which it is received are not forwarded because the destination exists on the network segment connected to that port.

12. Which statement describes a result after multiple Cisco LAN switches are interconnected?

The broadcast domain expands to all switches.
One collision domain exists per switch.
There is one broadcast domain and one collision domain per switch.
Frame collisions increase on the segments connecting the switches.
Unicast frames are always forwarded regardless of the destination MAC address.

Explanation: In Cisco LAN switches, the microsegmentation makes it possible for each port to represent a separate segment and thus each switch port represents a separate collision domain. This fact will not change when multiple switches are interconnected. However, LAN switches do not filter broadcast frames. A broadcast frame is flooded to all ports. Interconnected switches form one big broadcast domain.

13. Match the link state to the interface and protocol status. (Not all options are used.)

14.Refer to the exhibit. How is a frame sent from PCA forwarded to PCC if the MAC address table on switch SW1 is empty?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-14

SW1 forwards the frame directly to SW2. SW2 floods the frame to all ports connected to SW2, excluding the port through which the frame entered the switch.
SW1 floods the frame on all ports on the switch, excluding the interconnected port to switch SW2 and the port through which the frame entered the switch.
SW1 floods the frame on all ports on SW1, excluding the port through which the frame entered the switch.
SW1 drops the frame because it does not know the destination MAC address.

Explanation: When a switch powers on, the MAC address table is empty. The switch builds the MAC address table by examining the source MAC address of incoming frames. The switch forwards based on the destination MAC address found in the frame header. If a switch has no entries in the MAC address table or if the destination MAC address is not in the switch table, the switch will forward the frame out all ports except the port that brought the frame into the switch.

15. An administrator is trying to remove configurations from a switch. After using the command erase startup-config and reloading the switch, the administrator finds that VLANs 10 and 100 still exist on the switch. Why were these VLANs not removed?

Because these VLANs are stored in a file that is called vlan.dat that is located in flash memory, this file must be manually deleted.
These VLANs cannot be deleted unless the switch is in VTP client mode.
These VLANs are default VLANs that cannot be removed.
These VLANs can only be removed from the switch by using the no vlan 10 and no vlan 100 commands.

Explanation: Standard range VLANs (1-1005) are stored in a file that is called vlan.dat that is located in flash memory. Erasing the startup configuration and reloading a switch does not automatically remove these VLANs. The vlan.dat file must be manually deleted from flash memory and then the switch must be reloaded.

16. Match the description to the correct VLAN type. (Not all options are used.)

CCNA-2-v7-final-exam-answers-16

Explanation: A data VLAN is configured to carry user-generated traffic. A default VLAN is the VLAN where all switch ports belong after the initial boot up of a switch loading the default configuration. A native VLAN is assigned to an 802.1Q trunk port, and untagged traffic is placed on it. A management VLAN is any VLAN that is configured to access the management capabilities of a switch. An IP address and subnet mask are assigned to it, allowing the switch to be managed via HTTP, Telnet, SSH, or SNMP.

17. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has connected two switches together using EtherChannel technology. If STP is running, what will be the end result?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-17

STP will block one of the redundant links.
The switches will load balance and utilize both EtherChannels to forward packets.
The resulting loop will create a broadcast storm.
Both port channels will shutdown.

Explanation: Cisco switches support two protocols for negotiating a channel between two switches: LACP and PAgP. PAgP is Cisco-proprietary. In the topology shown, the switches are connected to each other using redundant links. By default, STP is enabled on switch devices. STP will block redundant links to prevent loops.

18. What is a secure configuration option for remote access to a network device?

Configure an ACL and apply it to the VTY lines.
Configure 802.1x.
Configure SSH.
Configure Telnet.

19. Which wireless encryption method is the most secure?

WPA2 with AES
WPA2 with TKIP
WEP
WPA

20. After attaching four PCs to the switch ports, configuring the SSID and setting authentication properties for a small office network, a technician successfully tests the connectivity of all PCs that are connected to the switch and WLAN. A firewall is then configured on the device prior to connecting it to the Internet. What type of network device includes all of the described features?

firewall appliance
wireless router
switch
standalone wireless access point

21. Refer to the exhibit. Host A has sent a packet to host B. What will be the source MAC and IP addresses on the packet when it arrives at host B?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-21

Source MAC: 00E0.FE91.7799
Source IP: 10.1.1.10
Source MAC: 00E0.FE10.17A3
Source IP: 10.1.1.10
Source MAC: 00E0.FE10.17A3
Source IP: 192.168.1.1
Source MAC: 00E0.FE91.7799
Source IP: 10.1.1.1
Source MAC: 00E0.FE91.7799
Source IP: 192.168.1.1

Explanation: As a packet traverses the network, the Layer 2 addresses will change at every hop as the packet is de-encapsulated and re-encapsulated, but the Layer 3 addresses will remain the same.

22. Refer to the exhibit. Which static route would an IT technician enter to create a backup route to the 172.16.1.0 network that is only used if the primary RIP learned route fails?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-22

ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 91
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 121
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 111

Explanation: A backup static route is called a floating static route. A floating static route has an administrative distance greater than the administrative distance of another static route or dynamic route.

23. Refer to the exhibit. In addition to static routes directing traffic to networks 10.10.0.0/16 and 10.20.0.0/16, Router HQ is also configured with the following command:

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/1/1

What is the purpose of this command?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-23

Packets that are received from the Internet will be forwarded to one of the LANs connected to R1 or R2.
Packets with a destination network that is not 10.10.0.0/16 or is not 10.20.0.0/16 or is not a directly connected network will be forwarded to the Internet.
Packets from the 10.10.0.0/16 network will be forwarded to network 10.20.0.0/16, and packets from the 10.20.0.0/16 network will be forwarded to network 10.10.0.0/16.
Packets that are destined for networks that are not in the routing table of HQ will be dropped.

24. What protocol or technology disables redundant paths to eliminate Layer 2 loops?

VTP
STP
EtherChannel
DTP

25. Refer to the exhibit. Based on the exhibited configuration and output, why is VLAN 99 missing?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-25

because VLAN 99 is not a valid management VLAN
because there is a cabling problem on VLAN 99
because VLAN 1 is up and there can only be one management VLAN on the switch
because VLAN 99 has not yet been created

26. Which two VTP modes allow for the creation, modification, and deletion of VLANs on the local switch? (Choose two.)

client
master
distribution
slave
server
transparent

27. Which three steps should be taken before moving a Cisco switch to a new VTP management domain? (Choose three.)

Configure the switch with the name of the new management domain.
Reset the VTP counters to allow the switch to synchronize with the other switches in the domain.
Configure the VTP server in the domain to recognize the BID of the new switch.
Download the VTP database from the VTP server in the new domain.
Select the correct VTP mode and version.
Reboot the switch.

Explanation: When adding a new switch to a VTP domain, it is critical to configure the switch with a new domain name, the correct VTP mode, VTP version number, and password. A switch with a higher revision number can propagate invalid VLANs and erase valid VLANs thus preventing connectivity for multiple devices on the valid VLANs.

28. A network administrator is preparing the implementation of Rapid PVST+ on a production network. How are the Rapid PVST+ link types determined on the switch interfaces?

Link types can only be configured on access ports configured with a single VLAN.
Link types can only be determined if PortFast has been configured.
Link types are determined automatically.
Link types must be configured with specific port configuration commands.

Explanation: When Rapid PVST+ is being implemented, link types are automatically determined but can be specified manually. Link types can be either point-to-point, shared, or edge.

29. Refer to the exhibit. All the displayed switches are Cisco 2960 switches with the same default priority and operating at the same bandwidth. Which three ports will be STP designated ports? (Choose three.)

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-29

fa0/9
fa0/13
fa0/10
fa0/20
fa0/21
fa0/11

30. How will a router handle static routing differently if Cisco Express Forwarding is disabled?

It will not perform recursive lookups.
Ethernet multiaccess interfaces will require fully specified static routes to avoid routing inconsistencies.
Static routes that use an exit interface will be unnecessary.
Serial point-to-point interfaces will require fully specified static routes to avoid routing inconsistencies.

31. Compared with dynamic routes, what are two advantages of using static routes on a router? (Choose two.)

They improve network security.
They take less time to converge when the network topology changes.
They improve the efficiency of discovering neighboring networks.
They use fewer router resources.

Explanation: Static routes are manually configured on a router. Static routes are not automatically updated and must be manually reconfigured if the network topology changes. Thus static routing improves network security because it does not make route updates among neighboring routers. Static routes also improve resource efficiency by using less bandwidth, and no CPU cycles are used to calculate and communicate routes.

32. Refer to the exhibit. Which route was configured as a static route to a specific network using the next-hop address?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-32

S 10.17.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.16.2.2
S 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.16.2.2
S 10.17.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0
C 10.16.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

Explanation: The C in a routing table indicates an interface that is up and has an IP address assigned. The S in a routing table signifies that a route was installed using the ip route command. Two of the routing table entries shown are static routes to a specific destination (the 192.168.2.0 network). The entry that has the S denoting a static route and [1/0] was configured using the next-hop address. The other entry (S 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0) is a static route configured using the exit interface. The entry with the 0.0.0.0 route is a default static route which is used to send packets to any destination network that is not specifically listed in the routing table.

33. What is the effect of entering the spanning-tree portfast configuration command on a switch?

It disables an unused port.
It disables all trunk ports.
It enables portfast on a specific switch interface.
It checks the source L2 address in the Ethernet header against the sender L2 address in the ARP body.

34. What is the IPv6 prefix that is used for link-local addresses?

FF01::/8
2001::/3
FC00::/7
FE80::/10

35. Which two statements are characteristics of routed ports on a multilayer switch? (Choose two.)

In a switched network, they are mostly configured between switches at the core and distribution layers.
The interface vlan command has to be entered to create a VLAN on routed ports.
They support subinterfaces, like interfaces on the Cisco IOS routers.
They are used for point-to-multipoint links.
They are not associated with a particular VLAN.

36. Successful inter-VLAN routing has been operating on a network with multiple VLANs across multiple switches for some time. When an inter-switch trunk link fails and Spanning Tree Protocol brings up a backup trunk link, it is reported that hosts on two VLANs can access some, but not all the network resources that could be accessed previously. Hosts on all other VLANS do not have this problem. What is the most likely cause of this problem?

The protected edge port function on the backup trunk interfaces has been disabled.
The allowed VLANs on the backup link were not configured correctly.
Dynamic Trunking Protocol on the link has failed.
Inter-VLAN routing also failed when the trunk link failed.

37. Which command will start the process to bundle two physical interfaces to create an EtherChannel group via LACP?

interface port-channel 2
channel-group 1 mode desirable
interface range GigabitEthernet 0/4 – 5
channel-group 2 mode auto

38. What action takes place when a frame entering a switch has a multicast destination MAC address?

The switch will forward the frame out all ports except the incoming port.
The switch forwards the frame out of the specified port.
The switch adds a MAC address table entry mapping for the destination MAC address and the ingress port.
The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port.

39. A junior technician was adding a route to a LAN router. A traceroute to a device on the new network revealed a wrong path and unreachable status. What should be done or checked?

Verify that there is not a default route in any of the edge router routing tables.
Check the configuration on the floating static route and adjust the AD.
Create a floating static route to that network.
Check the configuration of the exit interface on the new static route.

40. Select the three PAgP channel establishment modes. (Choose three.)

auto
default
passive
desirable
extended
on

41. A static route has been configured on a router. However, the destination network no longer exists. What should an administrator do to remove the static route from the routing table?

Remove the route using the no ip route command.
Change the administrative distance for that route.
Change the routing metric for that route.
Nothing. The static route will go away on its own.

42. Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded about the configuration shown on R1?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-42

R1 is configured as a DHCPv4 relay agent.
R1 is operating as a DHCPv4 server.
R1 will broadcast DHCPv4 requests on behalf of local DHCPv4 clients.
R1 will send a message to a local DHCPv4 client to contact a DHCPv4 server at 10.10.10.8.

43.Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has added a new subnet to the network and needs hosts on that subnet to receive IPv4 addresses from the DHCPv4 server.

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-43

What two commands will allow hosts on the new subnet to receive addresses from the DHCP4 server? (Choose two.)

R1(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.1.0.254
R1(config)# interface G0/0
R1(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.2.0.250
R1(config)# interface G0/1
R2(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.2.0.250
R2(config)# interface G0/0

44. Refer to the exhibit. R1 has been configured as shown. However, PC1 is not able to receive an IPv4 address. What is the problem?

CCNA 2 v7 Switching Routing and Wireless Essentials-Version-Final-Answers-43

The ip helper-address command was applied on the wrong interface.
R1 is not configured as a DHCPv4 server.
A DHCP server must be installed on the same LAN as the host that is receiving the IP address.
The ip address dhcp command was not issued on the interface Gi0/1.

Explanation: The ip helper-address command has to be applied on interface Gi0/0. This command must be present on the interface of the LAN that contains the DHCPv4 client PC1 and must be directed to the correct DHCPv4 server.

45. What two default wireless router settings can affect network security? (Choose two.)

The SSID is broadcast.
MAC address filtering is enabled.
WEP encryption is enabled.
The wireless channel is automatically selected.
A well-known administrator password is set.

Explanation: Default settings on wireless routers often include broadcasting the SSID and using a well-known administrative password. Both of these pose a security risk to wireless networks. WEP encryption and MAC address filtering are not set by default. The automatic selection of the wireless channel poses no security risks.

46. What is the common term given to SNMP log messages that are generated by network devices and sent to the SNMP server?

traps
acknowledgments
auditing
warnings

47. A network administrator is adding a new WLAN on a Cisco 3500 series WLC. Which tab should the administrator use to create a new VLAN interface to be used for the new WLAN?

WIRELESS
MANAGEMENT
CONTROLLER
WLANs

48. A network administrator is configuring a WLAN. Why would the administrator change the default DHCP IPv4 addresses on an AP?

to restrict access to the WLAN by authorized, authenticated users only
to monitor the operation of the wireless network
to reduce outsiders intercepting data or accessing the wireless network by using a well-known address range
to reduce the risk of interference by external devices such as microwave ovens

49. Which two functions are performed by a WLC when using split media access control (MAC)? (Choose two.)

packet acknowledgments and retransmissions
frame queuing and packet prioritization
beacons and probe responses
frame translation to other protocols
association and re-association of roaming clients

50. On what switch ports should BPDU guard be enabled to enhance STP stability?

all PortFast-enabled ports
only ports that are elected as designated ports
only ports that attach to a neighboring switch
all trunk ports that are not root ports

51. Which network attack is mitigated by enabling BPDU guard?

rogue switches on a network
CAM table overflow attacks
MAC address spoofing
rogue DHCP servers on a network

Explanation: There are several recommended STP stability mechanisms to help mitigate STP manipulation attacks:
PortFast – used to immediately bring an interface configured as an access or trunk port to the forwarding state from a blocking state. Applied to all end-user ports.
BPDU guard – immediately error-disables a port that receives a BPDU. Applied to all end-user ports.The receipt of BPDUs may be part of an unauthorized attempt to add a switch to the network.
Root guard – prevents a switch from becoming the root switch. Applied to all ports where the root switch should not be located.
Loop guard – detects unidirectional links to prevent alternate or root ports from becoming designated ports. Applied to all ports that are or can become nondesignated.

52. Why is DHCP snooping required when using the Dynamic ARP Inspection feature?

It relies on the settings of trusted and untrusted ports set by DHCP snooping.
It uses the MAC address table to verify the default gateway IP address.
It redirects ARP requests to the DHCP server for verification.
It uses the MAC-address-to-IP-address binding database to validate an ARP packet.

Explain: DAI relies on DHCP snooping. DHCP snooping listens to DHCP message exchanges and builds a bindings database of valid tuples (MAC address, IP address, VLAN interface).

When DAI is enabled, the switch drops ARP packet if the sender MAC address and sender IP address do not match an entry in the DHCP snooping bindings database. However, it can be overcome through static mappings. Static mappings are useful when hosts configure static IP addresses, DHCP snooping cannot be run, or other switches in the network do not run dynamic ARP inspection. A static mapping associates an IP address to a MAC address on a VLAN.

53. Refer to the exhibit. Router R1 has an OSPF neighbor relationship with the ISP router over the 192.168.0.32 network. The 192.168.0.36 network link should serve as a backup when the OSPF link goes down. The floating static route command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/1 100 was issued on R1 and now traffic is using the backup link even when the OSPF link is up and functioning. Which change should be made to the static route command so that traffic will only use the OSPF link when it is up?
CCNA3 Pretest Exam 002

Change the administrative distance to 120.
Add the next hop neighbor address of 192.168.0.36.
Change the destination network to 192.168.0.34.
Change the administrative distance to 1.

Explain: The problem with the current floating static route is that the administrative distance is set too low. The administrative distance will need to be higher than that of OSPF, which is 110, so that the router will only use the OSPF link when it is up.

54. Refer to the exhibit. What is the metric to forward a data packet with the IPv6 destination address 2001:DB8:ACAD:E:240:BFF:FED4:9DD2?

90
128
2170112
2681856
2682112
3193856

Explain: The IPv6 destination address 2001:DB8:ACAD:E:240:BFF:FED4:9DD2 belongs to the network of 2001:DB8:ACAD:E::/64. In the routing table, the route to forward the packet has Serial 0/0/1 as an exit interface and 2682112 as the cost.

55. A network administrator is configuring a new Cisco switch for remote management access. Which three items must be configured on the switch for the task? (Choose three.)

IP address
VTP domain
vty lines
default VLAN
default gateway
loopback address

Explain: To enable the remote management access, the Cisco switch must be configured with an IP address and a default gateway. In addition, vty lines must configured to enable either Telnet or SSH connections. A loopback address, default VLAN, and VTP domain configurations are not necessary for the purpose of remote switch management.

56. Refer to the exhibit. Which statement shown in the output allows router R1 to respond to stateless DHCPv6 requests?

ipv6 nd other-config-flag
prefix-delegation 2001:DB8:8::/48 00030001000E84244E70
ipv6 dhcp server LAN1
ipv6 unicast-routing
dns-server 2001:DB8:8::8

Explain: The interface command ipv6 nd other-config-flag allows RA messages to be sent on this interface, indicating that additional information is available from a stateless DHCPv6 server.

57. Refer to the exhibit. A Layer 3 switch routes for three VLANs and connects to a router for Internet connectivity. Which two configurations would be applied to the switch? (Choose two.)

(config)# interface gigabitethernet1/1
(config-if)# switchport mode trunk

(config)# interface gigabitethernet 1/1
(config-if)# no switchport
(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252

(config)# interface vlan 1
(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
(config-if)# no shutdown

(config)# interface fastethernet0/4
(config-if)# switchport mode trunk

(config)# ip routing

58. A technician is troubleshooting a slow WLAN and decides to use the split-the-traffic approach. Which two parameters would have to be configured to do this? (Choose two.)

Configure the 5 GHz band for streaming multimedia and time sensitive traffic.
Configure the security mode to WPA Personal TKIP/AES for one network and WPA2 Personal AES for the other network
Configure the 2.4 GHz band for basic internet traffic that is not time sensitive.
Configure the security mode to WPA Personal TKIP/AES for both networks.
Configure a common SSID for both split networks.

59. A company has just switched to a new ISP. The ISP has completed and checked the connection from its site to the company. However, employees at the company are not able to access the internet. What should be done or checked?

Verify that the static route to the server is present in the routing table.
Check the configuration on the floating static route and adjust the AD.
Ensure that the old default route has been removed from the company edge routers.
Create a floating static route to that network.

60. Which information does a switch use to populate the MAC address table?

the destination MAC address and the incoming port
the destination MAC address and the outgoing port
the source and destination MAC addresses and the incoming port
the source and destination MAC addresses and the outgoing port
the source MAC address and the incoming port
the source MAC address and the outgoing port

Explain: To maintain the MAC address table, the switch uses the source MAC address of the incoming packets and the port that the packets enter. The destination address is used to select the outgoing port.

61. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is reviewing the configuration of switch S1. Which protocol has been implemented to group multiple physical ports into one logical link?

PAgP
DTP
LACP
STP

62. Which type of static route is configured with a greater administrative distance to provide a backup route to a route learned from a dynamic routing protocol?

floating static route
default static route
summary static route
standard static route

Explain: There are four basic types of static routes. Floating static routes are backup routes that are placed into the routing table if a primary route is lost. A summary static route aggregates several routes into one, reducing the of the routing table. Standard static routes are manually entered routes into the routing table. Default static routes create a gateway of last resort.

63. What action takes place when a frame entering a switch has a unicast destination MAC address appearing in the MAC address table?

The switch updates the refresh timer for the entry.
The switch forwards the frame out of the specified port.
The switch purges the entire MAC address table.
The switch replaces the old entry and uses the more current port.

64. The exhibit shows two PCs called PC A and PC B, two routes called R1 and R2, and two switches. PC A has the address 172.16.1.1/24 and is connected to a switch and into an interface on R1 that has the IP address 172.16.1.254. PC B has the address 172.16.2.1/24 and is connected to a switch that is connected to another interface on R1 with the IP address 172.16.2.254. The serial interface on R1 has the address 172.16.3.1 and is connected to the serial interface on R2 that has the address 172.16.3.2/24. R2 is connected to the internet cloud. Which command will create a static route on R2 in order to reach PC B?

R2(config)# ip route 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.1
R2(config)# ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.254
R2(config)# ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.1
R2(config)# ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.254

Explain: The correct syntax is:
router(config)# ip route destination-network destination-mask {next-hop-ip-address | exit-interface}
If the local exit interface instead of the next-hop IP address is used then the route will be displayed as a directly connected route instead of a static route in the routing table. Because the network to be reached is 172.16.2.0 and the next-hop IP address is 172.16.3.1, the command is R2(config)# ip route 172.16.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.1

65. What protocol or technology allows data to transmit over redundant switch links?

EtherChannel
DTP
STP
VTP

66. Refer to the exhibit. Which three hosts will receive ARP requests from host A, assuming that port Fa0/4 on both switches is configured to carry traffic for multiple VLANs? (Choose three.)

host B
host C
host D
host E
host F
host G

Explain: ARP requests are sent out as broadcasts. That means the ARP request is sent only throughout a specific VLAN. VLAN 1 hosts will only hear ARP requests from hosts on VLAN 1. VLAN 2 hosts will only hear ARP requests from hosts on VLAN 2.

67. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator configures both switches as displayed. However, host C is unable to ping host D and host E is unable to ping host F. What action should the administrator take to enable this communication?

Associate hosts A and B with VLAN 10 instead of VLAN 1.
Configure either trunk port in the dynamic desirable mode.
Include a router in the topology.
Remove the native VLAN from the trunk.
Add the switchport nonegotiate command to the configuration of SW2.

68. What is the effect of entering the shutdown configuration command on a switch?

It enables BPDU guard on a specific port.
It disables an unused port.
It enables portfast on a specific switch interface.
It disables DTP on a non-trunking interface.

69. What would be the primary reason an attacker would launch a MAC address overflow attack?

so that the switch stops forwarding traffic
so that legitimate hosts cannot obtain a MAC address
so that the attacker can see frames that are destined for other hosts
so that the attacker can execute arbitrary code on the switch

70. During the AAA process, when will authorization be implemented?

Immediately after successful authentication against an AAA data source
Immediately after AAA accounting and auditing receives detailed reports
Immediately after an AAA client sends authentication information to a centralized server
Immediately after the determination of which resources a user can access

Explain: A. AAA authorization is implemented immediately after the user is authenticated against a specific AAA data source.

71. A company security policy requires that all MAC addressing be dynamically learned and added to both the MAC address table and the running configuration on each switch. Which port security configuration will accomplish this?

auto secure MAC addresses
dynamic secure MAC addresses
static secure MAC addresses
sticky secure MAC addresses

Explain: With sticky secure MAC addressing, the MAC addresses can be either dynamically learned or manually configured and then stored in the address table and added to the running configuration file. In contrast, dynamic secure MAC addressing provides for dynamically learned MAC addressing that is stored only in the address table.

72. Which three Wi-Fi standards operate in the 2.4GHz range of frequencies? (Choose three.)

802.11a
802.11b
802.11g
802.11n
802.11ac

73. To obtain an overview of the spanning tree status of a switched network, a network engineer issues the show spanning-tree command on a switch. Which two items of information will this command display? (Choose two.)

The root bridge BID.
The role of the ports in all VLANs.
The status of native VLAN ports.
The number of broadcasts received on each root port.
The IP address of the management VLAN interface.

74. Refer to the exhibit. Which trunk link will not forward any traffic after the root bridge election process is complete?

Trunk1
Trunk2
Trunk3
Trunk4

75. Which method of IPv6 prefix assignment relies on the prefix contained in RA messages?

EUI-64
SLAAC
static
stateful DHCPv6

76. Which two protocols are used to provide server-based AAA authentication? (Choose two.)

802.1x
SSH
SNMP
TACACS+
RADIUS

77. A network administrator is configuring a WLAN. Why would the administrator disable the broadcast feature for the SSID?

to eliminate outsiders scanning for available SSIDs in the area
to reduce the risk of interference by external devices such as microwave ovens
to reduce the risk of unauthorized APs being added to the network
to provide privacy and integrity to wireless traffic by using encryption

78. Which mitigation technique would prevent rogue servers from providing false IP configuration parameters to clients?

implementing port security
turning on DHCP snooping
disabling CDP on edge ports
implementing port-security on edge ports

Explanation: Like Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI), IP Source Guard (IPSG) needs to determine the validity of MAC-address-to-IP-address bindings. To do this IPSG uses the bindings database built by DHCP snooping.

79. A network administrator configures the port security feature on a switch. The security policy specifies that each access port should allow up to two MAC addresses. When the maximum number of MAC addresses is reached, a frame with the unknown source MAC address is dropped and a notification is sent to the syslog server. Which security violation mode should be configured for each access port?

shutdown
restrict
warning
protect

80. What protocol or technology defines a group of routers, one of them defined as active and another one as standby?

EtherChannel
VTP
HSRP
DTP

81. Refer to the exhibit. After attempting to enter the configuration that is shown in router RTA, an administrator receives an error and users on VLAN 20 report that they are unable to reach users on VLAN 30. What is causing the problem?

There is no address on Fa0/0 to use as a default gateway.
RTA is using the same subnet for VLAN 20 and VLAN 30.
Dot1q does not support subinterfaces.
The no shutdown command should have been issued on Fa0/0.20 and Fa0/0.30.

82. Which three pairs of trunking modes will establish a functional trunk link between two Cisco switches? (Choose three.)

dynamic desirable – dynamic desirable
dynamic desirable – trunk
dynamic auto – dynamic auto
access – dynamic auto
dynamic desirable – dynamic auto
access – trunk

83. A technician is configuring a router for a small company with multiple WLANs and doesn’t need the complexity of a dynamic routing protocol. What should be done or checked?

Verify that there is not a default route in any of the edge router routing tables.
Create static routes to all internal networks and a default route to the internet.
Create extra static routes to the same location with an AD of 1.
Check the statistics on the default route for oversaturation.

84. A company is deploying a wireless network in the distribution facility in a Boston suburb. The warehouse is quite large and it requires multiple access points to be used. Because some of the company devices still operate at 2.4GHz, the network administrator decides to deploy the 802.11g standard. Which channel assignments on the multiple access points will make sure that the wireless channels are not overlapping?

channels 1, 5, and 9
channels 1, 6, and 11
channels 1, 7, and 13
channels 2, 6, and 10

85. A network administrator of a small advertising company is configuring WLAN security by using the WPA2 PSK method. Which credential do office users need in order to connect their laptops to the WLAN?

the company username and password through Active Directory service
a key that matches the key on the AP
a user passphrase
a username and password configured on the AP

86. Refer to the exhibit. What are the possible port roles for ports A, B, C, and D in this RSTP-enabled network?

Modules 5 – 6: Redundant Networks Exam 33

alternate, designated, root, root
designated, alternate, root, root
alternate, root, designated, root
designated, root, alternate, root

Explanation: Because S1 is the root bridge, B is a designated port, and C and D root ports. RSTP supports a new port type, alternate port in discarding state, that can be port A in this scenario.

87. Refer to the exhibit. Which static route would an IT technician enter to create a backup route to the 172.16.1.0 network that is only used if the primary RIP learned route fails?

ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 121
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 111
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0/0/0 91

88. What mitigation plan is best for thwarting a DoS attack that is creating a MAC address table overflow?

Disable DTP.
Disable STP.
Enable port security.
Place unused ports in an unused VLAN.

89. A network engineer is troubleshooting a newly deployed wireless network that is using the latest 802.11 standards. When users access high bandwidth services such as streaming video, the wireless network performance is poor. To improve performance the network engineer decides to configure a 5 Ghz frequency band SSID and train users to use that SSID for streaming media services. Why might this solution improve the wireless network performance for that type of service?

Requiring the users to switch to the 5 GHz band for streaming media is inconvenient and will result in fewer users accessing these services.
The 5 GHz band has more channels and is less crowded than the 2.4 GHz band, which makes it more suited to streaming multimedia.
The 5 GHz band has a greater range and is therefore likely to be interference-free.
The only users that can switch to the 5 GHz band will be those with the latest wireless NICs, which will reduce usage.

Explanation: Wireless range is determined by the access point antenna and output power, not the frequency band that is used. In this scenario it is stated that all users have wireless NICs that comply with the latest standard, and so all can access the 5 GHz band. Although some users may find it inconvenient to switch to the 5 Ghz band to access streaming services, it is the greater number of channels, not just fewer users, that will improve network performance.

90. Which DHCPv4 message will a client send to accept an IPv4 address that is offered by a DHCP server?

broadcast DHCPACK
broadcast DHCPREQUEST
unicast DHCPACK
unicast DHCPREQUEST

Explanation: When a DHCP client receives DHCPOFFER messages, it will send a broadcast DHCPREQUEST message for two purposes. First, it indicates to the offering DHCP server that it would like to accept the offer and bind the IP address. Second, it notifies any other responding DHCP servers that their offers are declined.

91. Refer to the exhibit. Which destination MAC address is used when frames are sent from the workstation to the default gateway?

MAC address of the virtual router
MAC address of the standby router
MAC addresses of both the forwarding and standby routers
MAC address of the forwarding router

Explanation: The IP address of the virtual router acts as the default gateway for all the workstations. Therefore, the MAC address that is returned by the Address Resolution Protocol to the workstation will be the MAC address of the virtual router.

92. After a host has generated an IPv6 address by using the DHCPv6 or SLAAC process, how does the host verify that the address is unique and therefore usable?

The host sends an ICMPv6 echo request message to the DHCPv6 or SLAAC-learned address and if no reply is returned, the address is considered unique.
The host sends an ICMPv6 neighbor solicitation message to the DHCP or SLAAC-learned address and if no neighbor advertisement is returned, the address is considered unique.
The host checks the local neighbor cache for the learned address and if the address is not cached, it it considered unique.
The host sends an ARP broadcast to the local link and if no hosts send a reply, the address is considered unique.

Explanation: Before a host can actually configure and use an IPv6 address learned through SLAAC or DHCP, the host must verify that no other host is already using that address. To verify that the address is indeed unique, the host sends an ICMPv6 neighbor solicitation to the address. If no neighbor advertisement is returned, the host considers the address to be unique and configures it on the interface.

93. Match the purpose with its DHCP message type. (Not all options are used.)

94. Which protocol adds security to remote connections?

FTP
HTTP
NetBEUI
POP
SSH

95. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is verifying the configuration of inter-VLAN routing. Users complain that PC2 cannot communicate with PC1. Based on the output, what is the possible cause of the problem?

CCNA2 v7 Modules 1 – 4 Switching Concepts, VLANs, and InterVLAN Routing Exam Answers 44

Gi0/0 is not configured as a trunk port.
The command interface GigabitEthernet0/0.5 was entered incorrectly.
There is no IP address configured on the interface Gi0/0.
The no shutdown command is not entered on subinterfaces.
The encapsulation dot1Q 5 command contains the wrong VLAN.

96. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is configuring inter-VLAN routing on a network. For now, only one VLAN is being used, but more will be added soon. What is the missing parameter that is shown as the highlighted question mark in the graphic?

CCNA2 v7 Modules 1 – 4 Switching Concepts, VLANs, and InterVLAN Routing Exam Answers 74

It identifies the subinterface.
It identifies the VLAN number.
It identifies the native VLAN number.
It identifies the type of encapsulation that is used.
It identifies the number of hosts that are allowed on the interface.

97. Match each DHCP message type with its description. (Not all options are used.)

CCNA 2 v7 Modules 1 – 4: Switching Concepts, VLANs, and InterVLAN Routing Exam Answers

Explanation: Place the options in the following order:

a client initiating a message to find a DHCP server – DHCPDISCOVER
a DHCP server responding to the initial request by a client – DHCPOFFER
the client accepting the IP address provided by the DHCP server – DHCPREQUEST
the DHCP server confirming that the lease has been accepted – DHCPACK

98. What network attack seeks to create a DoS for clients by preventing them from being able to obtain a DHCP lease?

IP address spoofing
DHCP starvation
CAM table attack
DHCP spoofing

Explanation: DCHP starvation attacks are launched by an attacker with the intent to create a DoS for DHCP clients. To accomplish this goal, the attacker uses a tool that sends many DHCPDISCOVER messages in order to lease the entire pool of available IP addresses, thus denying them to legitimate hosts.

99. Refer to the exhibit. If the IP addresses of the default gateway router and the DNS server are correct, what is the configuration problem?

The DNS server and the default gateway router should be in the same subnet.
The IP address of the default gateway router is not contained in the excluded address list.
The default-router and dns-server commands need to be configured with subnet masks.
The IP address of the DNS server is not contained in the excluded address list.

Explanation: In this configuration, the excluded address list should include the address that is assigned to the default gateway router. So the command should be ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.9.

100. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has added a new subnet to the network and needs hosts on that subnet to receive IPv4 addresses from the DHCPv4 server. What two commands will allow hosts on the new subnet to receive addresses from the DHCP4 server? (Choose two.)

R1(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.2.0.250
R1(config)# interface G0/1
R1(config)# interface G0/0
R2(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.2.0.250
R2(config)# interface G0/0
R1(config-if)# ip helper-address 10.1.0.254

Explanation: You need the router interface that is connected to the new subnet and the dhcp server address.

101. What protocol or technology uses source IP to destination IP as a load-balancing mechanism?

VTP
EtherChannel
DTP
STP

102. What protocol should be disabled to help mitigate VLAN attacks?

103. What protocol or technology requires switches to be in server mode or client mode?

EtherChannel
STP
VTP
DTP

CCNA v7 v8 Final Exam Answers 2024 - 2025

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