Complete question bank for CCNA 1 (ITN v7.02/v8) Modules 8 – 10: IPv4/IPv6 Routing, ARP & NDP Exam.
📥 Download CCNA 1 v7.02 & v8 (ITN) Modules 8 - 10: Communicating Between Networks Exam Answers (Full Bank) Packet Tracer (.PKA) & Verified PDF Guide
Includes complete Cisco NetAcad v7.02 / v8 topology file (.pka) and IOS CLI configuration script.
Verified Cisco NetAcad Exam Questions (12 Core Questions + Explanations)
Question 1
When a router forwards an IPv4 packet from one interface to another on the path toward a remote destination, which two header fields change at every hop? (Choose two.)
✔ Correct Answer: C. Source and Destination Layer 2 MAC Addresses & D. IPv4 Time-to-Live (TTL) and Header Checksum
Technical Explanation: Source and Destination IP addresses remain constant end-to-end (unless NAT is performed). At each router hop, the Layer 2 frame is stripped and rewritten with new source/destination MAC addresses, and the IPv4 TTL is decremented by 1 (requiring a new IPv4 Header Checksum).
Question 2
What is the primary enhancement in the IPv6 packet header compared to the IPv4 header?
✔ Correct Answer: B. IPv6 uses a simplified, fixed 40-byte header with fewer fields and no header checksum, improving router forwarding efficiency.
Technical Explanation: IPv6 removes unnecessary fields (including the Header Checksum and router fragmentation fields) to create a fixed 40-byte header that hardware routers process much faster.
Question 3
What is the purpose of the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) in an IPv4 network?
✔ Correct Answer: B. To resolve a known IPv4 address on the local subnet into its corresponding Layer 2 MAC address.
Technical Explanation: ARP broadcasts an ARP Request on the local LAN ('Who has IP X?') to discover the 48-bit Ethernet MAC address required to encapsulate the Layer 2 frame.
Question 4
If PC1 (192.168.1.10/24) wants to send a packet to a web server at 203.0.113.50, what destination MAC address will PC1 place in the Ethernet frame header?
✔ Correct Answer: C. The MAC address of PC1's Default Gateway router interface (e.g., 192.168.1.1)
Technical Explanation: When the destination IP is on a remote network, the host encapsulates the packet inside a Layer 2 frame addressed to the MAC address of its local Default Gateway router.
Question 5
In the output of 'show ip route' on a Cisco router, what do the codes 'C' and 'L' indicate?
✔ Correct Answer: A. 'C' indicates a directly connected network subnet; 'L' indicates the specific /32 local IPv4 address assigned to the router interface.
Technical Explanation: Since Cisco IOS 15+, activating an interface with an IP address adds two entries to the routing table: 'C' (Connected network prefix) and 'L' (Local host route with a /32 mask for the interface's own IP).
Question 6
Which protocol replaces IPv4 ARP in an IPv6 network by using ICMPv6 Neighbor Solicitation (NS) and Neighbor Advertisement (NA) messages?
✔ Correct Answer: B. Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP)
Technical Explanation: IPv6 eliminates broadcast ARP and uses ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) with solicited-node multicast addresses to resolve IPv6 addresses to MAC addresses.
Question 7
What is a security risk associated with ARP broadcasts on a local Ethernet LAN?
✔ Correct Answer: A. Threat actors can send gratuitous/forged ARP replies to poison the ARP cache of hosts (ARP Spoofing / Man-in-the-Middle attack).
Technical Explanation: Because ARP is stateless and unauthenticated, an attacker on the LAN can send spoofed ARP replies claiming to have the Default Gateway's IP address, intercepting all traffic.
Question 8
Which command must be entered on a Cisco router before it will forward IPv6 packets between interfaces?
✔ Correct Answer: B. ipv6 unicast-routing
Technical Explanation: By default, Cisco IOS routers forward IPv4 packets automatically, but IPv6 routing is disabled until the 'ipv6 unicast-routing' global configuration command is entered.
Question 9
What happens to an IPv4 packet when its Time-to-Live (TTL) field reaches zero at a router?
✔ Correct Answer: B. The router drops the packet and sends an ICMP Time Exceeded message back to the source IP address.
Technical Explanation: To prevent infinite routing loops, every router decrements TTL by 1. If TTL reaches 0, the router discards the packet and returns an ICMPv4 Type 11 (Time Exceeded) message to the sender.
Question 10
Which field in the IPv6 header is equivalent to the IPv4 Time-to-Live (TTL) field?
✔ Correct Answer: B. Hop Limit
Technical Explanation: IPv6 renames the 8-bit TTL field to 'Hop Limit', which accurately reflects its function of counting router hops rather than seconds.
Question 11
When configuring a router GigabitEthernet interface, which command activates the physical port from its default 'administratively down' state?
✔ Correct Answer: C. no shutdown
Technical Explanation: Unlike switch ports (which are active by default), Cisco router interfaces are shut down by default and require the 'no shutdown' interface configuration command.
Question 12
Which command on a Windows PC displays the local routing table?
✔ Correct Answer: B. netstat -r (or route print)
Technical Explanation: Running 'netstat -r' or 'route print' in Windows Command Prompt displays the host's IPv4 and IPv6 routing tables, including the active default gateway (0.0.0.0/0).
Modules 8-10 Router Interface & IPv6 Unicast-Routing CLI
Cisco IOS CLI - Verification & Lab Script
Router(config)# ipv6 unicast-routing Router(config)# interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad:1::1/64 Router(config-if)# ipv6 address fe80::1 link-local Router(config-if)# no shutdown